Arduino:
If you haven't heard of
Arduino, it's an entire ecosystem created for playing with and working with
microcontrollers. There are many boards available that are considered to be
Arduino compatible.
There's also software you
can download which is the Arduino development environment that you can use to
program the different boards. Almost everything in the Arduino world is considered to be open-source which means we can go online and find the
schematics for these different boards and we can go and get the source code for
the development environment. One of the other cool things about Arduino is its
ability to stack these things called shields. For example, we have an mp3 player
shield that we can stack on top of a few different Arduinos. This allows us to play
music and other sound files.
Arduino Uno:
First, we have Arduino’s flagship and most popular
board the UNO. The Arduino UNO is built around the Atmel atmega 328p microcontroller.
This runs at 16 megahertz. It offers 14 digital input/output pins or i/o pins
and six of those can be used for pulse width modulation or PWM. On the other
side, you'll notice another six pins that can be used for analog inputs. The
328p offers 32 kilobytes of flash memory which is used for holding programs and
2 kilobytes of RAM. Notice that the input/output pins run at 5 volts which
means you want to be careful if you're trying to connect it to 3.3-volt logic.
You could easily damage something. There are two versions
The UNO is a great board if
you're just getting started in the world of Arduino or embedded electronics.
There's tons of
documentation online you can find about it.
SPARC
fun red board:
Next, we have the SPARC fun red board. This is the SPARC
funds version of the Arduino with similar functionality to the UNO. It combines
several of our favorite features from different Arduinos into one board. It is
a bit cheaper and it allows us to control revisions and features.
Arduino Pro:
Next, we have the Arduino Pro. This uses the same 328p
microcontroller so it has less the same functionality as the UNO. The
biggest difference you'll notice is that the pro comes without headers. This gives
the user the option to solder on wires, male or female headers whatever they
want. There are two different versions of the pro. The 3.3-volt version and the
5-volt version. You'll notice that some electronics can only handle 3.3 volts.
You can easily damage sensitive electronics with something like 5 volts. Notice
that the speed has been reduced to 8 megahertz for the 3.3-volt version but The 5-volt version still has a whopping 16 megahertz. The Arduino Pro does not have
built-in USB support so you're going to need a serial cable or an FTDI breakout
to program them. Make sure that the voltage of the cable or the breakout
matches the voltage listed on your Arduino Pro. Otherwise, you could end up
hurting some electronics.
Arduino Pro Mini:
The pro mini it's exactly like the pro but in a tiny
form-factor like the pro, the pro mini comes in 3.3 and 5-volt versions and you
will need a serial cable or FTDI breakout to program them. It's small, it's cheap
and it's easy to fit on a breadboard because there's a 3.3-volt version
available. It's great to use with 3.3 volts sensors.
Arduino Pro Micro:
Then we have the pro micro. This is similar to the
pro mini but you don't need a special serial cable or FTDI breakout to program
it. The first thing you'll notice about the pro micro is that there's a micro A USB port on the board. It also uses a different chip. It uses the atmega 32 u 4
which has built-in USB support. There are 12 digital i/o pins and 5 of those
can be used for PWM. There are an additional 4 analog input pins on the board as
well. Like the 328p, the chip contains 32 kilobytes of flash but there's a bit more
RAM at 2.5 kilobytes. Like the pro mini, the pro micro comes in 3.3 volts and 5
volt versions where the 3.3-volt version runs at 8 megahertz and the 5-volt version runs at 16 megahertz. One cool feature about the pro micro is that it
can be used as a USB device.
Arduino Micro View:
Next, we have the micro view. This is a small Arduino
compatible module with a built-in a
LED display. The O LED
display is monochrome with a 64 by 48-pixel resolution. The micro view uses the
same atmega328p microcontroller found in many of the other Arduino products. There's
12 digital i/o pins and 6 analog input pins. Notice that the pins run at 3.3
volt logic. There are a few ways to program. The micro view although the best
is to use the micro view programmer. This is a really cool device to use if you
just want to make some simple graphics.
Arduino Mega 2560:
Then there's the Arduino mega 2560. The mega uses the
at mega 2560 processor running at 16
Megahertz. There's a
whopping 54 digital i/o pins and 15 of those can be used for PWM. There are an
additional 16 analog inputs as well. It has 256 kilobytes of flash which is a
lot of room for your programs and eight kilobytes of RAM. This is a great
device for when you need a ton of pins. It also has 4 hardware serial ports
where the UNO only has one. It is really useful when you're connecting to
other serial peripherals and you need to send debugging information.
Arduino Yun:
Finally, we have the Arduino Yun and this is closer to a single board computer. The Arduino Yun has two processors
on board. Underneath the metal can is an Atheros our 93 31 which is typically
found in Wi-Fi routers. It works at 400 megahertz and runs a custom version of
Linux is known as open wrt you. Additionally, there's an atmega 32 u 4 onboard
which can be programmed with Arduino. It has 32 kilobytes of flash and 2.5
kilobytes of RAM. Much like the pro micro, there are some features on the Yun
which are not found on other Arduino boards. For example, it has Ethernet and
Wi-Fi already on board and it can work as a USB host so you can do things like
plug in a flash drive. There's a micro USB port for programming power and
communications and a micro SD card slot. On the backside, there are 20 i/o pins
of which seven of those can be used for PWM and 12 for analog input.
Stay tuned. Bye
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