Arduino Nano
Microcontroller:
Arduino Nano is a
Microcontroller Board designed by Arduino. cc
The microcontroller used in Arduino Nano
is ATmega328p.
Pins:
Let’s discuss its pins.
So, coming towards its
pinout, Arduino Nano has 12 digital pins starting from D2 to D13. It also has 8
analog pins starting from A0 to A7.
These digital &
analog pins are assigned with multiple functions but their main function is to
act as either input or output.
|
1 |
D0
- D13 |
Digital Input / Output Pins. |
|
2 |
A0
- A7 |
Analog Input / Output Pins. |
|
3 |
Pin
# 3, 5, 6, 9, 11 |
Pulse Width Modulation ( PWM ) Pins. |
|
4 |
Pin
# 0 (RX) , Pin # 1 (TX) |
Serial
Communication Pins. |
|
5 |
Pin
# 10, 11, 12, 13 |
SPI
Communication Pins. |
|
6 |
Pin
# A4, A5 |
I2C
Communication Pins. |
|
7 |
Pin
# 13 |
Built-In
LED for Testing. |
|
8 |
D2
& D3 |
External
Interrupt Pins. |
For example, if you are
working on some project and you want to interface some sensors with any of
these pins, then, in that case, you have to make those pins INPUT.
But if you are
interfacing a LED then that pin will act as OUTPUT because it’s sending a command
from Arduino Nano.
Arduino Nano can perform
3 types of communication protocols, which are: Serial, SPI & I2C Protocol.
Pin # 0 and 1 are used
for Serial communication, where Pin # 0 is RX, used to receive data and Pin # 1
is TX and we transmit serial data via this pin
It also has an SPI protocol
and pins used for SPI communication are Pin # 10, 11, 12, and 13 Where Pin # 10
is SS short for Slave Select.
Pin # 11 is MOSI short
for Master Out Slave In.
Pin # 12 is MISO short
for Master In Slave Out.
And the last one Pin #
13 is SCK short for Serial Clock.
We also have I2C
Protocol in Arduino Nano and the pins used for I2C Communication are A4 and A5 where
A4 is SDA short for Data Line and A5 is SCL short for Clock Line.
So, we can use these
pins as input/output and can also perform these different types of
communications.
It depends on our
projects' requirements.
For example, if we have
GSM module which works on serial protocol then we have to interface that module
with Pin # 0 and Pin # 1.
Similarly, if we are
working on some RTC module then RTC works on I2C Protocol and we have to
interface that module with A4 and A5 Pin.
We can also use Software
Serial in Arduino Nano.
Arduino Nano has only
one Hardware Serial Port but let's say you are working on some project where
you have to interface two Serial modules with Arduino Nano
In that case, you have to
create a software serial in Arduino Nano.
Arduino Nano also has 6
PWM Pins: Pin # 3, 5, 6 , 9, 10, and 11.
These Pins can be used
for Pulse Width Modulation.
It also has two Reset
Pins that are used to reset this Arduino NANO programmatically.
It also has a RESET
Button on it.
It uses a crystal
oscillator of 16 MHz frequency.
It has 4 LEDs embedded
in it.
The first LED is for TX,
the second one is for RX where the third LED is for Power and the fourth one is
connected to Pin # 13 and is normally used for Testing.
Memory:
Arduino Nano has 3 types
of built-in memories associated with it.
The first one is Flash
Memory.
Arduino Nano has a Flash memory of 32 KB.
This Flash memory is
responsible for storing our code in Arduino Nano
Flash memory of Arduino
Nano is 32 KB but 2KB of its memory is used for Bootloader which is
pre-installed on Arduino Nano.
The SRAM memory of
Arduino Nano is 2KB, while the EEPROM memory is 1KB.
The input range of Arduino
Nano varies from 7V to 12V, while the operating voltage is 5V.
It doesn't have a DC
Power Jack as in Arduino UNO, but we have this mini USB Port, which is used for
powering up as well as uploading code in Arduino Nano
.
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