Universal Serial Bus:
USB
Type A connector:
USB type A and type B are the oldest USB form factors and they've been in use since 1996. Despite that USB type A is still commonly used today and you likely have several of these connectors on your computer with a few modern exceptions. These implementations feature four pins that have had their potential speeds upgraded over time. Beginning at mere, kilobits per second, and now can reach as high as 625 megabits per second. Their main disadvantage is their relatively large size compared to future USB implementations.
USB
Type Mini:
Next
up was USB mini A and mini B. Introduced in 2001, these connectors were smaller
and were easier to insert correctly; thanks to a defined camper shape at the
connector end.
USB
Type Micro:
Next
to type mini, was USB micro A and B microwave. Micro A is a flat rectangular shape
that was later replaced by micro B which again has camphor to indicate which orientation
it should be inserted in. As the name suggests, these connectors were even
smaller than the mini connectors.
Lightening
Connector:
If
you are an Apple user, you've likely encountered the lightning cable that the
apple’s proprietary connector which is used in their modern iOS devices and accessories
since 2012. Lightning uses eight pins and is much smaller than Apple's 30-pin
dock connector that it replaced conveniently. Lightning was designed to be
inserted in either orientation while, earlier versions of USB connectors were notorious
for only being insertable in one orientation.
USB
Type C Connector:
Next is USB type-c which is the most
recent entry into the Universal Serial bus family, and was introduced in 2014. Just like lightning, it can be inserted in either orientation and is designed to be much more durable
than micro-b. It can deliver a much faster transfer speed set up to 2.5 gigabits
per second and much higher power output, capable of quickly charging higher
duty devices such as laptops. Type C can be used for more than just power and
data transfer as well we may one day see it replaced.
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